Richard Leakey :: essays research papers fc

Introduction to Anthropology Linda Samland Homo habilis, Richard Erskine Leakey, was born December 19, 1944 in Nairobi, Kenya. His parents were the esteemed anthropologists Louis and Mary Leakey. Leakey decided at an early age that he wanted nothing to do with paleoanthropology and dropped out of high school. Over the next few years Leakey trapped wild animals, supplied skeletons to institutions, started a safari business and taught himself to fly. In 1964, he led an expedition to a fossil site he had seen from the air and discovered that he enjoyed looking for fossils. He also discovered that although he technically led the expedition all the fame went to the scientists who studied the specimens. In 1965 Leakey went to England to study for a degree. Richard successfully schooled himself by completing a two-year secondary education program in six months. In 1966, Leakey married Margaret Cropper an archeologist who had worked with the Leakey family (World Book). After working on a French/ Kenyan/ American joint expedition in Ethiopia, Leakey realized that his lack of scientific qualifications hindered his progress. Leakey asked the National Geographic Society for funds to run his own excavation at Lake Turkana in Kenya. From 1967-1977, Leakey and his co-workers dug up approximately 400 fossils that accounted for 230 individuals. Leakey's most important discovery was an almost complete skull found in 1977, which Richard believed to be a new species called Homo habilis. Richard Leakey’s accomplishments are discovering the crania of Australopithecus boisei in 1969 with archeologist Glynn Isaac on the East shores of Lake Turkana. He also discovered a Homo habilis skull in 1972 and a Homo erectus skull in 1975(Human Evolution). In 1969, Leakey was diagnosed, with terminal kidney disease, with a prognosis of less than ten years to live. Leakey received a kidney transplant from his younger brother Philip. That same year Leakey and his wife divorced. In 1970, he married Meave Epps a zoologist who specializes in primates. They have two daughters Louise born in 1972 and Samira born in 1974(Encyclopedia Americana). Leakey was appointed, administrative director in 1968 of the National Museum of Kenya and was promoted to director in 1974. Fossil hunting expeditions continued, but on a much smaller scale as Leakey devoted more of his time to running the museum. In 1984, Leakey and his team found the most impressive fossil of his career. It was the nearly complete skeleton of a Homo erectus boy (Origins).

Holly Farms

Holly farms strategy Introduction In order to revive profits and save themselves from bearing heavy losses, Fred and Gillian Giles had opened a two purposed farm for the general public in 1993. Their ambitious goals had let them to put in all their savings to establish facilities on the farm which would entertain the tourists. This side of the business was apart from the usual farming being carried out which included the distribution of ice cream which was manufactured behind the farm in a small factory, a milking parlor to see the latest technology being used to milk the cows and an additional guided tour of the farm.Even though the business is currently running reasonably well, the owners are facing some serious issues related capacity constraints and competition. Answers Answer 1: There is a no. of issues which Gillian Gales is facing in her side of the business. These issues include the fact that in order to grow the Holly Farm's business, it is not possible for the owners to add additional capital. They have already invested a lot of money and any additional capital available to them will be in terms of a loan.However, the interest rate on the loan is expected to be above ten percent which would not make it feasible since the owners are not expecting to earn that high a return on their investment in order to pay the interest and the principal amount. Other issues which Gillian needs to take notice of include the fact that the ice-cream factory is not operating at full capacity, the freezer which has a capacity to hold 10,000 units is operated at 7000 units' storage to allow for stick rotation.The lack of preservatives used in the ice-cream would also be a factor in this regard where the inventory needs to move out of the factory within 6-12 weeks. This factor would be driving down retail sales to shops and hotels which might be interested in stockpiling the ice-cream for their peak periods (since Gillian is not in a position to increase production for them at that time). Gillian also needs to decide whether to promote coach firms or market to families and schools for trips to their farm.Gillian mentions that on average one out of two coach customers' buys one liter box of ice-cream while a four occupant car buys the same amount. This data, though a good starting point, would not allow for proper decision making since data on how many a coach normally holds. Also the use of averaged data is not advisable when making decisions as to who the target market would be for the coming year.There is also a need for extra staff by the farm, currently the ice-cream manufacturing employs farm workers' wives (three) and a maximum of four flavor can be produced given the time constraints and the set up time (to change flavors). Since capital investment is not possible at this time, Gillian would need to hire more staff for ice-cream manufacturing if she plans to increase the number of flavors to ten, analysis and accurate forecasting of what quanti ties of flavors to produce would also be required if the number of flavors is to be increased.Market researches as to which flavors are being demanded by the customers would also be required and could help eliminate the need to expand to ten flavors outright, but this is currently not being undertaken by Gillian. The lack of promotional activities by Gillian has seen the number of arrivals to the farm cap at 15000 a year; this situation is being ignored as Gillian is concentrating more on expanding the manufacturing side, now she needs to take a more active approach to increasing the traffic at the farm.The issue of farm timings not being conducive to picnics and factory visits (20% of the customers leave before the milking process) and this very fact that many visitors are unable to see the milking process is also one which would be driving lower ice-cream sales and needs to be looked into by Gillian. Answer 2: To increase the number of farm visitors by 50% in a single year is a al most unachievable goal that Gillian has set for herself. Although it is possible that the number be increased, but going from 15000 visitors to 22500 visitors is not a small task which can be achieved in the duration of a single year.This is due to a number of factors which, for Gillian, would be constraints in achieving this growth target. These factors include: 1. The fact that the farm is open to visitors for 7 months in a year, during the remaining months the animals are kept inside and the rides etc available to customers are not safe due to the weather situation. This is a limit which Gillian would be unable to surmount in a single years time without capital investment into building sheds and indoor facilities etc at the Holly Farm. 2.Another time constraint is the fact that Gillian and Fred found that keeping the farm open for more than the four days it is already open (Friday to Monday) is not feasible due to the low traffic during the remaining days. Also the farm workers w ould not be free during the three days of the week (they would be involved in the â€Å"real† farm work), so the only way to keep the farm open the entire week is through hiring extra staff which could only be justified and feasible if Gillian were able to confirm attendance/traffic at the farm during these days via school trips etc.The weekend is the peak period for Holly Farm and it is unlikely that working individuals would be willing to take farm trips during work days. The sales forecast for 1999 shows that Gillian has prepared is highly presumptuous given that she has yet to decide how she would be increasing the number of customers on the farm. Whether she wishes to bring in more customers through coach firms or target the family and recreational travelers (who come by car).With coach firms Gillian would most likely have to offer discounts on the farm visits to the coaching firms to plan trips or revert to her old marketing tactics of giving lectures at schools and ins titutes and market her farm herself. The decision on whether or not to engage with coaching firms is not possible at this time because the number of passengers on each coach has not been identified, thus one cannot calculate the profits to be had from the sales of ice-cream and other produce along with the admission fees (with or without the discounts).Even if the averaged figure of one-liter ice-cream sale per two coach passengers is taken to be reliably accurate without the number of potential customers coming through the coach trips, and via cars for that matter (one liter per four passengers), choice between the options would be more moot point than proper decision making on the part of Gillian. If we were to assume that half the customers come by car and half come via coach trips than promoting coach trips would yield more benefits in terms of ice-cream sales as * 7400 coach trips/2 = 3700 liters of sales & * 7400 car travelers/4 = 1850 liters of salesGiven that 13500 liters we re sold through the retail shop ($27000/$2(selling price)) this would mean that close to 41% of the sales comes through the customers on the farm. A 50% increase in the number of customers on the farm would lead to sales of $40,000 only if the number of customers at the farm window also increased by 50% which is a market not being targeted by Gillian, thus the following calculation leading to a figure of $40,000 would be incorrect as the sales would be lower (higher from the customers on the farm but when including the trend based sales through the farm window the total sales would be lower). 148001. 5=22200 customers * 11100 coach trips/2$2=$11100 * 11100 car travelers/4$2= $5550 * $16650/0. 41 = $40,610 in sales. School parties and trips could be a good tactic on the part of Gillian as they would ensure higher number of visitors and a larger sale of ice-cream and other products which could be made on the farm. Charging a lower admission fees for parties and retaining the catering of the party would be a good source of income for the farm and has the potential of increasing the traffic at the farm by opening a whole new target market for Holly Farms i. e. party venue.Gillian should invest some time and effort into undertaking market research into how many schools would be willing to have parties or field trips on the farm (before offering party packages), also information on the customer tolerance for queuing (to watch the milking process) would be beneficial to Gillian in analyzing how to increase the number of customers on the farm because if the customers are not able to watch the milking process and view this as a deal breaker, they might seek out other sources of recreation and by increasing customers in the short run, Gillian might lose customers in the long run.Information on the actual number of car visitors vs. those coming through coach trips should be sought before Gillian decides on a course of action. Answer 3: Before undertaking a decision to in crease the number of ice-cream flavors from 4 to 10 Gillian should weight the advantages and the disadvantages of this venture. The first factor which Gillian needs to consider is whether a market exists for ten flavors of ice-cream or not, and whether it is feasible for the farm to be producing ten flavors.The fact that capital investment is not possible for Holly Farms means that the additional production would be through an increase in the labor force but the overall quantity of the ice-cream produced would still be limited to an inventory level of 7000 liters (which can be held by the freezer). This would mean that the new flavors would be introduced at the expense of the old flavors. This can be an advantage if the customers of Holly Farm are seeking one or two flavors other than those eing offered (market research would be required to confirm this) and that the quantity demanded would allow for greater turnover through either farm or retail sales. Alternatively this venture co uld lead to unsatisfied customers in cases where the farm could experience stock outs of certain flavors due to the fact that many flavors would be under production. A move to directly offering ten flavors would also create logistical problems as the machines available for production and storing are limited.The fact that more staff would have to be hired would also increase the cost of production of all ice-creams and that would affect the profits of the ice-cream venture and Gillian would be forced to make another key decision on whether to pass on the increased cost to the customers in the form of higher prices, and risk losing some business, or decrease the profit margins of the same.Since an increase in volume is only possible if the inventory turnover is greatly enhanced by the introduction of new flavors (which is not certain) the profits for the farm would be on a downward trend if all other factors remain constant and flavors are added to the product offerings.Since there is no research to suggest that there would be a greater uptake of ice-cream (at retail or farm level) with more flavors, a jump to 10 flavors would be rash and create more problems for Gillian in terms of resource management, forecasting the demand for individual products and overlooking the manufacturing of the same, rather than the advantages Gillian seeks.Undertaking some degree of market research and exploring one or two additional flavors (based on research findings) whilst maintaining the same level of staff could be more beneficial for Holly Farms and they could expand their flavor offerings over the long run when they have the capacity to increase production or maintain higher levels of inventory. ConclusionThe case under review explores the capacity and resource constraints being faced by a small business which was able to attract customers and diversify into other forms of complementary businesses i. e. tours and ice-cream retailing. What we find in this case is that Gillian , the partner in charge of the complementary businesses is facing two critical decisions (a) how to increase the number of customers visiting the farm and (b) how to increase the retail sales of the ice-cream.Since capital investment is not a viable option for the business the means of increasing customer traffic are limited to promotional activities and attracting the right customers for both tours and ice-cream sales. We find that such decisions are not possible with the data available to Gillian at the present time and that the option to increase the number of ice-cream flavors to ten (from four) is also not viable given the manufacturing and storage constraints.Gillian should therefore seek additional data on the target audience for promotional activities and if she plans to increase the number of ice-cream flavors she should start on a smaller scale after conducting proper market demand research. References [Author of Book] (1999), â€Å"Case Study: Holly Farms†, [Name o f Book], Pp 244-248 Read more:  http://www. ukessays. com/essays/business-strategy/holly-farms-strategy. php#ixzz2DakGnUSm

Free Essays on Greek Discipline

One value that the Greeks emphasized is self discipline. The greeks worked out and ate healthy. In addition they were disciplined of mind. An example of this would be the Spartans who would not eat alone so the they would not eat too much. An example of this in artwork is the Discus Thrower. He is extending a mental and physical effort to throw the discus to the best of his ability. He is in good physical health which is a result of his self discipline. A second value that the Greeks felt was important is humanism. Humanism is the belief that human beings have the ability to accomplish great things. They felt humans had the great potential and they showed their power more than any other civilization. An example of the humanism in artwork is the Spear-Bearer. Greek sculpture was highly advanced and was later duplicated by the Romans. In this sculpture movement and confidence can be seen by someone looking at the Spear-Bearer. This shows how great the sculptures that lived in Greek were and the extent of their ability. A third value emphasized by the Greeks is balance. Everything was done in moderation, there was never too much or too little. An example of balance in architecture is the Parthenon. When the Parthenon was being built the architect decided that the columns would not be spaced evenly so that when looking at the Parthenon from a distance it would appear to be perfectly balanced. Also, on the freeze at the entrance of the Parthenon there was a sculpture of the gods. In the middle was one god, and to his left and right was another two gods who were standing. Next to the standing gods, the gods would be sitting. Next to the sitting gods, the gods were laying down. There was an equal number to the left and right of the large on in the middle. This was so that the sculpture would be perfectly balanced. Also, the bottom of this sculpture would be very close and as it become higher the sculpture would come out of the stone more... Free Essays on Greek Discipline Free Essays on Greek Discipline One value that the Greeks emphasized is self discipline. The greeks worked out and ate healthy. In addition they were disciplined of mind. An example of this would be the Spartans who would not eat alone so the they would not eat too much. An example of this in artwork is the Discus Thrower. He is extending a mental and physical effort to throw the discus to the best of his ability. He is in good physical health which is a result of his self discipline. A second value that the Greeks felt was important is humanism. Humanism is the belief that human beings have the ability to accomplish great things. They felt humans had the great potential and they showed their power more than any other civilization. An example of the humanism in artwork is the Spear-Bearer. Greek sculpture was highly advanced and was later duplicated by the Romans. In this sculpture movement and confidence can be seen by someone looking at the Spear-Bearer. This shows how great the sculptures that lived in Greek were and the extent of their ability. A third value emphasized by the Greeks is balance. Everything was done in moderation, there was never too much or too little. An example of balance in architecture is the Parthenon. When the Parthenon was being built the architect decided that the columns would not be spaced evenly so that when looking at the Parthenon from a distance it would appear to be perfectly balanced. Also, on the freeze at the entrance of the Parthenon there was a sculpture of the gods. In the middle was one god, and to his left and right was another two gods who were standing. Next to the standing gods, the gods would be sitting. Next to the sitting gods, the gods were laying down. There was an equal number to the left and right of the large on in the middle. This was so that the sculpture would be perfectly balanced. Also, the bottom of this sculpture would be very close and as it become higher the sculpture would come out of the stone more...

Colored Fire - Where to Find Metal Salts for Colorants

Colored Fire - Where to Find Metal Salts for Colorants Ive received many requests for information about where to find the metal salts that can be used to make colored fire. Heres a list of common sources of these metal salts. If the salts are in liquid form, simply soak pinecones or logs or whatever you are burning in the liquid and let the fuel dry before use. If the salts are solids, your best bet is to try to dissolve them in a bit of alcohol and then apply them to your fire fuel. You can use water but expect a longer drying time. Fire Color - Source Green - Boric acid is probably your best source of green. Boric acid most commonly is sold as a disinfectant in the pharmacy section of a store. Copper sulfate is another metal salt that produces green fire. You can find copper sulfate, usually diluted in liquid form, in products used to control algae in pools or ponds. White - Magnesium compounds can lighten a flame color to white. You can add Epsom salts, which are used for a variety of household purposes. I usually see Epsom salts sold in the pharmacy section of stores for use as a bath soak, but the salts commonly contain sodium impurities, which will produce a yellow flame. Yellow - Your usual fire will be yellow already, but if you are burning a fuel that produces a blue flame, for example, you can turn it from green to yellow by adding sodium salt, such as common table salt. Orange - Calcium chloride produces orange fire. Calcium chloride is sold as a desiccant and as a road de-icing agent. Just be sure the calcium chloride isnt mixed with sodium chloride or else the yellow from the sodium will overpower the orange from the calcium. Red - Strontium salts produce red colored fire. The easiest way to get strontium is to break open a red emergency flare, which you can find in the automotive section of stores. Road flares contain their own fuel and oxidizer, so this material burned vigorously and very brightly. Lithium produces a beautiful red flame, too. You can get lithium from certain lithium batteries. Purple - Purple or violet flames may be produced by adding potassium chloride to the fire. Potassium chloride is sold as lite salt or salt substitute in the spice section of the grocery store. Blue - You can get blue fire from copper chloride. I am not aware of a widely-available source of copper chloride. You can produce it by dissolving copper wire (easy to locate) in muriatic acid (sold in building supply stores). This would be an outdoors-only type of reaction and not something I really recommend doing unless you have a little chemistry experience... but if youre determined, dissolve a piece of copper in a solution of 3% hydrogen peroxide (sold as a disinfectant) to which you have added sufficient muriatic acid (hydrochloric acid) to make 5% HCl solution.

Staffing Professional Essays

Staffing Professional Essays Staffing Professional Essay Staffing Professional Essay A staffing professional engaged in the human resources department to meet, interview, and assess applicants, fundamental to the work is the proper representation of the organization’s best interest. This is crucial to the work since this is part of staffing process. It is at the outset that the company’s interests are best clarified and presented. It is so important that a person employed as a staffing professional must possess enough insight to the ethical implications of his/her every dealing. In some firms, certain questions have to be asked if unsure of certain transactions. For example, queries such as: â€Å"Is it legal?† â€Å"Does it comply with the Code of Ethics and with the policies that apply to the situation?† and â€Å"How will it affect others – consumers, competitors, shareholders, other employees, agencies or the community, and you?† (The Allstate Corporation, 2007). This only means that the necessity is laid upon the staffing professional to represent clearly the best interests of the organization. The efficiency and quality of the production’s work force depend so much on him/her. The nature of the work also presupposes that it sees through the nature of any given situation, finding out what is to be done, which expertise/skills are needed, and apply the necessary tools and methods available to meet the demands and thus accomplish the task effectively for the organization’s interests. Of course, there are negative consequences if this is not done properly. One obvious result is that the overall effect is detrimental to the company in general. Another is that, when the staffing professional engages in unethical behavior and questionable dealings (such as implied in the questions earlier) and does not abide by the rules of the, he or she will be liable to the law and must face the consequences of his/her behavior.

Unit Three Critical Discussion Blog Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit Three Critical Discussion Blog - Assignment Example The word rendition means to carry or take something somewhere (with a slightly sinister echo of the word â€Å"render† or reduce and recycle a dead animal). The term as a whole is very abstract. There is no real nonverbal communication in the use of this term, but the body language of people who frequently use it suggests they are hiding something. As is suggested in Chapter 10, the delivery of meaning is very important: if your euphemism is as bad as this one, your body language may suggest you are being dishonest. People should be honest about what they mean. They could say something like international arrest, or extrajudicial arrest, if they want to be more ethical. As the textbook suggests, it is not ethical for members of government to try to hide the truth from citizens by using euphemisms. Another similar euphemism is Enhanced Interrogation Techniques when people mean

Parenting Model Metaphor Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Parenting Model Metaphor - Assignment Example Thin can be compared to parenting-styles change with generations, but the basics stay the same. Jeans could also be the metaphor for the parental role-two legs joined that must function as one garment. I will look through some important concepts that affect parenting (these are concepts that have been introduced in the course work in unit two) and further link them to the metaphor of a pair of jeans. Parents often look to their neighbours, family and collective environment for advice and role-models on how to parent. A group of people assisting the parents in bringing up a child or children is termed collective parenting. This is a bit like mothers and fathers choosing the style of jeans that suits them. They look to see what others are wearing and what is suitable for their age group and body type. The most important thing is choosing a comfortable pair-just like choosing a parenting style that is comfortable for the parent. It’s hard to sustain something if it doesn’t ‘sit right’. (Chapter 12). Because so many people move to different parts of the world in today’s world, parents are cut off from their families who might have, in the past, offered support and advice. It’s like adapting to a new pair of jeans in a style or cut that you are not used to and finding a new style and support structure for changing times. A parents’ coho rts will often feel comfortable with a similar style of parenting just as they might all prefer a similar style of jeans-they can also look back and laugh at the stonewashed pairs they pulled on in the eighties (a reflection of their youth and freedom) and compare them to the more utilitarian and classic pair they wear now: which reflects their changed value system. As people become parents they might become a bit more conservative and not as fashion conscious. It’s also